E3 Electronics Devices, Circuits and Technology

 


 

 

E3 214 (JAN) 3:0

Microsensor Technologies

 

Micro-sensors and micro-actuators, MEMS and MOEMS; classification and characteristics. Principles of microsensors – micromechanics, electro-mechanical coupling, electromagnetics, opto-mechanical effects, thermal and fluidic properties, modeling and simulation. Technology – lithography, deposition, diffusion, metallization, bulk and surface micro-maching. Commercial fabrication processes, pressure, vibration, acceleration, rotation, temperature, magnetic field, radiation,   chemical and bio microsensors. Surface acoustic wave microsensors. Mciro-opto-electro-mechanical sensors;  fiber optic sensors, smart structures, sensors arrays and distributed sensing, noise in microsensors, control and signal processing, automotive, aerospace, industrial, and biomedical applications.

 

T Srinivas/T Badarinarayana

 

Gardner, J.W., Varadan, V.K., and Awadelkarim, O.O., Microsensors, MEMS and Smart Devices, John Wiley, 2002.

Senturia, S.D., Microsystem Design,  Kluwer- Academic Publishers, 2001.

Raichoudhury, P. (Ed.), MEMS and MOEMS: Technology and Applications, SPIE Press, 2000.

Current literature: Special issues of journals and selected review articles

 

 

E3- 222 (JAN) 2:1

Micromachining for MEMS Technology

           

Micromachining Concepts, Benefits and Materials.  Surface Micromachining and Related Technologies.  Bulk Micromachining.  Micromachining for high aspect ratio microstructures.  Monolithic Integration of micromachined mechanical devices and  Microelectronics circuits: merits and complexities. 

Laboratory classes to gain hands on experience on the Micromachining and related Technology.

 

Navakanta Bhat and K N Bhat

 

Chang Liu, Foundations of MEMS, Illinois, ECE Series), Pearson   Edu Intl, 2006.

Lovacs, T.A.G., Micromachined Transducers Source Book, WCB  McGraw Hill,  NY, Singapore, 1998.

 

 

E3 225 (AUG) 3:0

Submicron device modeling and simulation

 

Band theory of solids, carrier transport mechanism, superconductor, dielectrics, semiconductor diode, MOS capacitor, MOSFET device physics, EKV model, circuit simulation techniques, SPICE, CMOS scaling, Moore’s law.

 

Santanu Mahapatra

 

Yaun Taur, Tak H. Ning, Fundamentals of Modern VLSI Devices, Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Current literature from journals and conference proceedings.

 

Prerequisite: Basic physics and mathematics Syllabus.

 

 

E3 227 (JAN) 2:1

VLSI Device and Process Simulation

 

Introduction to Device and Process CAD, hierarchy of VLSI simulation tools, formulation of device and process equations. Numerical techniques, discretization and difference equations. Models for device simulation: Drift-diffusion, hydrodynamic, thermodynamic, Monte-Carlo technique. Models for process simulation: Ion implantation, diffusion, vacancy and interstitial model, TED, OED. Concentration dependent diffusion, ultra shallow junctions, oxidation, LOCOS and trench isolation. Design and simulation for 0.1 micron technology, SPICE circuit parameter extraction. Statistical process and device simulation, inverse modeling, mixed mode device and circuit simulation, radiation effects and single event upset. Advanced transistor design and simulation: SOI transistor, elevated source/drain transistor, thin film transistor.

 

Navakanta Bhat

 

Prerequisite: E3-225

 

Plummer, J.D., Deal, M.D., and Griffies, P.B.,  Silicon VLSI Technology, Prentice Hall, 2000.

Dutton, R.W., and Yu, Z., Technology CAD – Computer Simulation of IC Processes and Devices, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.

ISE TCAD Manuals Release 6.0, 1999.

Current literature from journals and conference proceedings

 

E3 231 (AUG) 2:1

Digital Systems Design with FPGAs

 

Introduction to Digital design, hierarchical design, controller (FSM), case study, FSM issues, timing issues, pipelining, resource sharing, metastability, synchronization, MTBF Analysis, setup/hold time of various types of flip-flops, synchronization between multiple clock domains, reset recovery, proper resets. VHDL: different models, simulation cycles, process, concurrent and sequential statements, loops, delay models, library, packages, functions, procedures, coding for synthesis, test bench. FPGA: logic block and routing architecture, design methodology, special resources, Virtex-II, Stratix architectures, programming FPGA, constraints, STA, timing closure, case study.

 

Kuruvilla Varghese

 

Wakerly, J.F., Digital Design: Principles and Practices, Prentice Hall.

Kevin Skahil, VHDL For Programmable Logic, Addison Wesley.

FPGA Data sheets, Application Notes.

Current literature from relevant journals and conference proceedings.

 

E3 235 (AUG) 2:1

Analog and Data Conversion Systems

 

Linear IC applications, design and error budget analysis of signal conditioners for low level AC and DC applications, 4-20 ma current transmitters, design of linear power supplies, designing for single supply low power consuming circuits, design of analog circuits for capacitive and inductive transducers, Analog to digital and digital to analog converters, SHA and analog multiplexers.

 

M K Gunasekaran

 

Franco, S., Design with Operational Amplifiers and Analog Integrated Circuits, McGraw Hill Book Co. 1988.

Horowitz, P., and Hill, W., The Art of Electronics, Second Edn, Cambridge University Press, 1992.

 

E3 238 (JAN) 2:1

Analog VLSI Circuits

 

Introduction to CMOS analog circuits, MOS transistor DC and AC small signal parameters from large signal model, common source amplifier with resistive load, diode load and current source load, source follower, common gate amplifier, cascode amplifier, folded cascode, frequency response of amplifiers. Current source/sink/mirror, matching. Wilson current source and Regulated cascode current source,  Bandgap reference, Differential amplifier, Gilbert cell, Op-Amp, Design of 2 stage Op-Amp, DC and AC response, frequency compensation, slew rate, offset effects, PSRR, noise, comparator, sense Amplifier, sample and hold, sampled data circuits, switched capacitor filters, DAC, ADC, Subthreshold CMOS circuits.

 

Navakanta Bhat, Bharadwaj Amrutur, Gaurab Banerjee

 

Razavi, B., Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, McGraw Hill, 2001.

Razavi, B., RF Microelectronics, Prentice Hall, 1998.

Baker, R.J., and Boycee, D.E., CMOS; Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation, Prentice Hall India, 2000.

 

 

E3 238 (AUG) 2:1

Analog VLSI Circuits

 

Introduction to CMOS analog circuits, MOS transistor DC and AC small signal parameters from large signal model, common source amplifier with resistive load, diode load and current source load, source follower, common gate amplifier, cascode amplifier, folded cascode, frequency response of amplifiers, current source/sink/mirror, matching, Wilson current source and regulated cascode current source, bandgap reference, differential amplifier, Gilbert cell, op-amp, design of 2 stage op-amp, DC and AC response, frequency compensation, slew rate, offset effects, PSRR, noise, comparator, sense amplifier, sample and hold, sampled data circuits, switched capacitor filters, DAC, ADC, subthreshold CMOS circuits.

 

Navakanta Bhat

 

Razavi, B., Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, McGraw Hill, 2001.

Razavi, B., RF Microelectronics, Prentice Hall, 1998.

Baker, R.J., and Boycee, D.E., CMOS; Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation, Prentice Hall India, 2000.

 

E3 239 (JAN) 2:1

Advanced VLSI Circuits

 

Dynamic circuit design, memories, TCAM, Multipliers, adders I/O circuits, timing control loops, power supply and clock distribution, sub threshold circuit design, low power circuit design.

 

Bharadwaj Amrutur

References?

 

E3 252 (JAN) 2:1

Digital Controllers for Power Applications

 

Review of analog and digital electronics, operational amplifiers, D/A and A/D converters, semiconductor memories. Sampling of continuous-time signals, anti aliasing filter, discrete-time systems, digital systems, finite state machines. Arithmetic for computers, fixed-point and floating-point and numbers, digital circuits for fixed-point and floating-point arithmetics. Architecture, features and instruction set of a specific DSP processor; assemble programming; development tools. Interfacing examples.

Hands-on exercises – data acquisition, control of power electronic converters and motor drives, digital techniques in power systems measurement and protection; mini-project.

 

G Narayanan and U J Shenoy

 

Sedra, A.S., and Smith, K.C., Microelectronic Circuits, Fifth Edn, Oxford University Press.

Astrom, K.J., and Wittenmark, B., Computer-controlled systems: Theory and design, Prentice Hall, 1996.

Hintz, K., and Tabak, D., Microcontrollers: Architecture, Implementation and Programming, McGraw Hill, 1992.

Patterson, D.A., and Hennnessy, J.L., Computer organization and design: The hardware/software interface, Third Edn, Elsevier.

Technical datasheets, user guides and application notes from manufacturers.

 

E3 253 (JAN) 2:1

Industrial Instrumentation

 

Measurement of force, displacement, torque, velocity, conductivity and temperature. Electromagnetic and ultrasonic flow meters. PID and programmable logic controllers. Case studies of temperature controllers and PC based data acquisition system.

 

C Rameshu

 

Dally, J.W., et al., Instrumentation for Engineering Measurements, John Wiley and Sons, 1984.

Bently, J.P., Principles of Measurements Systems, Longman Inc, NY, 1983.

Petruzella, F.D., Programmable Logic Controllers, McGraw Hill, NY, 1989.

 

 

E3 255 (JAN) 2:1

Multicore Architecture and Programming

 

Multicore architecture, programming multicore machines, IA32 architecture, microarchitecture, protected mode, visual memory management, call gates, multitasking, interrupt processing. Special processing units, program optimization.

 

H S Jamadagni

 

Intel Manuals on IA32, Multicore and VTUNE.

 

 

 

E3 257 (JAN) 2:1

Embedded Systems - II

 

Introduction to embedded computing, introduction to RISC architecture, Introduction to embedded software development, S/W Development environment – Cross Compiler, Linker, Debugger, Stand-alone systems. Introduction to ARM architecture and ARM/THUMB instruction set, Introduction to DSP, Memories, Interfacing memory with processor,  Peripherals,  Clocks and Power Management.

 

Haresh Dagale

Patterson, D.A., and Hennessy, J.L., The Programming Environment for 32-Bit Microprocessors, Freescale Semiconductor Computer Organization and Design Sixth Edn, The Hardware/Software Interface.

Hennessy, J.L., and Patterson, D.A., Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach (Publisher?).

Computer Systems: A Programmer’s Perspective by Randal E. Bryant David R. O’Hallaron

ARM System-on-Chip Architecture (2nd Edition] by Steve Furber MPC860/ MPC8260 User’s Manual, Freescale Semiconductor (Not clear)

 

 

E3 259 (JAN) 2:1

DSP Algorithms and Architectures

 

Introduction to generic DSPs, performance and structural limitations. Measures and structures for enhancing performance. Filter structures, transform structures. Data flow and control flow issues. Array processing approaches to DSP solutions. Some modern DSP algorithms (audio, video and multimedia) and development of new computational and arithmetic building blocks. Architecture development for some compression and coding algorithms. Reference to some standards and development of architecture based implementation of these.

 

H S Jamadagni

 

Parhi, K.K., VISI Signal Processing Systems, John Wiley and Sons, NY, 1999.

Prissch, P., Architectures for Digital Signal Processing, John Wiley and Sons, NY, 1998.

Sayood, K., Introduction to Data Compression, 2E, Harcourt India, New Delhi, 2000.

Some Relevant /TU and Other Standards, 1998–2000.

 

 

E3 260 (AUG) 2:1

Embedded System Design - II

 

Software components: startup code, boot loader, kernel, applications. Embedded system without an os. Real-time kernel: introduction to a real-time kernel, comparison and contrast with the general purpose as multi-tasking, scheduling policies, mutual exclusion and synchronization, inter-task control flow, inter-task data flow, memory management, interrupt processing. Linux for embedded applications: overview of Linux kernel architecture; system call interface; process management; memory management; file system structure; Linux for micro-controllers and real-time applications. Device drivers: character, block and network drivers. Designing a real-time system: development life cycle, modeling a real-time system, case studies.

 

Visiting Faculty

 

Bryant, R.E., and O’Hallaron, D.R., Computer Systems: A Programmer’s Perspective,

Ripps, D.L., An Implementation guide to Real Time Programming, Yourdon Press.

Rubini, A., and Corbet, J., Linux Device Drivers, Third Edn.

Bovet, D., and Cesati, M., Understanding the Linux Kernel, Publishers? 

 

Pre-requisite: E3 257 Embedded Design I

 

E3 262   (AUG)    2:1                                

Electronics Systems Packaging

 

Electronic systems and needs, physical integration of circuits, packages, boards and full electronic systems, system applications like computer, automobile, medical and consumer electronics with case studies, packaging levels. Electrical design considerations – power distribution, signal integrity and parasitic. RF package design, Power delivery in systems. CAD for Printed Wiring Boards (PWBs), Design for Manufacturability (DFM), PWB Technologies, Single-chip (SCM) and Multi-chip modules (MCM), flex circuits. Recent trends in manufacturing like microvias, sequential build-up circuits and high-density interconnect structures. Materials and processes in electronics packaging. Joining methods in electronics: lead-based and lead-free solders, Surface Mount technology – design, fabrication and assembly. Embedded Passives, SOC vs SIP vs SOP concepts, Thermal management of PWBs, thermo-mechanical reliability, design for reliability and electrical test, Green packaging issues. Assignments in PCB CAD, Hands-on lab sessions in fabrication of standard, microvia boards and embedded passives; assembly of surface mount devices and ball-grid arrays.

Student seminar.

 

G.V. Mahesh

 

Tummala, R.R., Fundamentals of Microsystems Packaging, McGraw Hill, NY, 2001.

Brown, W.D., Advanced Electronic Packaging, IEEE Press, 1999.

Web-based Current literature.

 

 

E3 264 (JAN) 2:1

Industrial Design of Electronic Equipment

 

Introduction to industrial design. Product design methodology. Product planning, data collection. Creativity techniques. Elements of aesthetics. Ergonomics. Control panel organization. Graphic User Interface (GUI) design. Structure, materials, processes and product finishes. Product detailing.

 

N V Chalapathi Rao and Guest Faculty

 

Current Publications in Industrial Design.

 

E3 265 (JAN) 2:1

Design for Reliability

 

Review of probability theory. Introduction to the concepts of reliability, nature of reliability problems in electronic equipment, reliability modeling, availability and maintainability concepts. Designing for reliability. Fault analysis techniques. Reliability prediction. Worst case design and component derating. Software reliability. Introduction to state space analysis.

 

L Umanand

 

Fuqua, Reliability Engineering for Electronic Design, Marcel Dekker, 1988.

Patrick DT O’Connor, Practical Reliability Engineering, John Wiley and Sons, 1985.

MIL Handbook-338 – Reliability of Electronic Equipment.

 

E3 266 (JAN)  2:1

Electromagnetic Compatibility

 

Signal and power distribution issues in analog circuits,  use of  shielded code,  use of instrumentation and Isolation amplifier for noise   reduction techniques,  active noise cancellation,  conducted noise  emission in power converters,  noise  emission calculations in frequency domain, EMI inducted failure in power converters. Effect of control  coop stability due to noise.  Power and signal distribution issues in digital circuits,  reflections and cross talk issues in signal integrity.  Eye diagram Embedded system design from EMI point of view,  shielding  of electronic equipments,  ESD issues,  EMC standards and test equipments.

 

M K Gunasekaran

 

Ott, H.W., Noise reduction Techniques in Electronic  Systems.  Second Edn, John Wiley Interscience, NY, 1988.

Paul, C.R., Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility, John Wiley and Sons,  1991.

 

E3 267 (JAN) 2:1

Microcontroller Applications

 

Architecture of 8 bit microcontroller Atmega 32 high level and assembly language programming, hardware interfacing techniques and their applications.

Hands on experience with microcontroller kits, design and development of mini projects using development tools for microcontroller are part of the laboratory exercises.

 

M Krishna Kumar

Ayala, K.J., The 8051 Microcontroller, Penram International.

Peatman, J.B., Design with Microcontrollers, McGraw Hill,1988.

8 bit Embedded Controller Handbook Intel 1989.

16 bit Embedded Controller Handbook Intel 1990.

 

E3 268 (JAN) 3:0

Advanced CMOS and beyond CMOS

 

ITRS, problems with short channel devices: SCE, DIBL, leakage, breakthrough solutions, SOl, high K. metal gate. non-classical MOSFET, CMOS scaling limit. Emerging nanotechnologies: SET, QCA. RSQF, RTD.

 

Santanu Mahapatra

 

Current literature from journals and conference proceedings

Prerequisite: E3:225

 

 

E3 269 (AUG) 0:1

Electronic Circuits Laboratory

 

Linear and nonlinear applications of operational amplifiers, inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, differential amplifiers, phase-shifting circuits, active filters, oscillators, comparators waveform generating circuits. Logic circuits, flipflops, counters and timers. Voltage controlled oscillators, phase locked loops, frequency multiplier and divider circuits. Electronic circuits relevant for power electronic converters, power systems measurements and protection of power apparatus.

 

G Narayanan, U J Shenoy

Horowitz, P., and Hill, W., The art of electronics, Cambridge University Press, 1989.
Millman, J., and Halkias, C.C., Integrated electronics: Analog and digital electronic circuits and systems, Tata McGraw Hill.
Sedra, A.S., and Smith, K.C., Microelectronic circuits, Fifth Edn, Oxford University Press.
Technical datasheets and application notes from manufacturers.

 

 

E3-327 (AUG) 2:1

Nanoelectronics Device Fabrication and Characterization

 

Overview of Nanoelectronics devices and  materials requirement, MOS capacitor as a building block of FET:  Ultrathin SiO2 growth, High-k dielectrics, Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD), Metal Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition (MOCVD), Precursor synthesis. Non idealities in MOS structure, metal gate electrodes and work function engineering.  Nanopatterning: Optical photolithography, sub-wavelength litho-graphy techniques, phase shift lithography. Resolution Enhancement Techniques, Immersion lithography, Extreme Ultra Violet (EUV) lithography. Resist trimming, dry etching, Electron beam lithography.  Synthesis of thin film metals, semiconductors, insulators: Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), UHCVD, Epitaxy, Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE), Sol Gel process, Self assembly, 1D material – nanotube, nanowire, nanorod – growth using CVD, PECVD, Microwave synthesis. Nano MOSFET performance metrics, non classical transistor structure:  Transport in Nano MOSFET, velocity saturation and overshoot, ballistic transport, Silicon On Insulator (SOI) – PDSOI and FDSOI, Multigate FET, metal-semiconductor source/drain junctions, Germanium Nano MOSFETs, Effect of strain and  quantization on transistor performance, Compound semiconductor MESFETs and MOSFETs, Hetero structure MOSFETs,  Emerging Research Devices and architectures.  Electrical  characterization:  HFCV and LFCV, I-V and reliability measurements, Parameter extraction. Analytical nano-characterization techniques: thickness measurement using reflectance and Ellipsometry techniques, micro-stylus step height measurement, AFM, FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM.

 

Navakanta Bhat, S A Shivakumar, K N Bhat

 

International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS)

Current literature from journals and conference proceedings